Choking is a critical emergency that can affect anyone, regardless of age, and it’s a common fear for many—especially new parents. It can happen quickly and can lead to severe complications, including death, if not addressed immediately. When someone is choking but still able to cough, there's a chance the object will dislodge on its own. However, once the person can no longer cough, the airway may be fully blocked, and their life is at risk.
Common Causes of Choking:
Attempting to swallow large pieces of food.
Eating while talking, walking, or playing.
Consuming food or beverages under the influence of intoxicants or illicit substances.
Signs of Choking:
Inability to speak, cough, or breathe.
Changes in facial color, such as turning blue, red, or paler than usual.
A look of panic, often with wide eyes.
Hands clutching the throat or flailing.
High-pitched whistling or noise when trying to breathe or cough.
How to Help (For Adults and Children):
Encourage Coughing: If the person is still able to cough, encourage them to keep coughing to try to dislodge the object.
If Coughing Stops and Breathing Is Difficult:
Stand or kneel beside the person, and wrap one arm diagonally across their chest.
Bend them forward at the waist to a 90-degree angle.
Deliver 5 firm back blows between the shoulder blades using the palm of your hand to try to dislodge the object.
If the Object Doesn't Come Free:
Quickly stand the person upright and place one hand in a fist just above their belly button, with the thumb side in.
Place your other hand over the fist and perform 5 sharp upward abdominal thrusts (also known as the Heimlich maneuver) in a "J" motion.
Continue to Alternate: Repeat the 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts until the object is expelled or the person becomes unconscious.
If the Person Becomes Unconscious:
Call 911 immediately.
Begin CPR with 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths. Continue for 5 cycles or until help arrives.
Prevention Tips:
Chew food thoroughly before swallowing.
Eat slowly and calmly.
Avoid talking, laughing, or engaging in physical activity while chewing.
Avoid mixing meals with substances that could impair your judgment or motor skills.
Being prepared and knowing how to respond to choking can save lives. Always stay informed and ready to act in an emergency.
This material is for informational purposes only and is sourced from The Canadian Red Cross, Alberta Heart & Stroke Foundation, and Alberta Health Services. It should not replace professional medical advice or training. For any concerns, consult a physician or certified safety training facility.
Remember: Protect yourself, call 911, and don’t waste time!
RESOURCES:
Author - Saving Grace Medical Academy Ltd
Jason T
Retired EMT - Heart & Stroke Foundation Senior Instructor